This primer seeks to provide practical advice on how host countries can manage FDI inflows to encourage pro-poor, environmentally sustainable development. It is aimed at public decision makers in developing countries dealing with FDI, particularly officials in investment boards, investment promotion agencies and relevant ministries. The focus is on FDI in the primary sector, including agriculture, forestry and extractive industries—an area of growing interest among international investors and a sector of high economic significance for many developing countries.